{"id":6902,"date":"2020-01-25T18:27:09","date_gmt":"2020-01-25T17:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/ecosistemas-2\/cultivos\/"},"modified":"2025-12-14T13:18:25","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T12:18:25","slug":"cultures-agricoles-en-andalousie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/cultures-agricoles-en-andalousie\/","title":{"rendered":"Cultures agricoles en Andalousie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Des habitats cr\u00e9\u00e9s par l&rsquo;homme qui peuvent abriter une riche biodiversit\u00e9, en particulier dans les pseudo-steppes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000295_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3934 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000295_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3934\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000295_1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000295_1-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Oliviers de production biologique bord\u00e9s de vinaigrette (Oxalis pes caprae), une plante vivace particuli\u00e8rement envahissante dans les sols agricoles perturb\u00e9s : un couvert dense de fleurs jaunes tr\u00e8s d\u00e9coratif en hiver.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les cultures andalouses sont tr\u00e8s vari\u00e9es. Pour simplifier, on peut les diviser en deux groupes : les <g id=\"gid_0\">plantations p\u00e9rennes d&rsquo;arbres fruitiers et les cultures herbac\u00e9es<\/g>, principalement des gramin\u00e9es. L&rsquo;agriculture a un impact consid\u00e9rable sur la biodiversit\u00e9, notamment en fonction du mode de production et du fait que ces cultures sont cultiv\u00e9es en petites parcelles ou en grandes monocultures.    <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cultures p\u00e9rennes : vergers<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les arbres fruitiers les plus abondants en Andalousie sont typiques du climat m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Olivier<\/strong><em>(Olea europaea)<\/em> <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Amandier<\/strong><em>(Prunus amygdaloides<\/em>)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Agrumes<\/strong><em>(Citrus<\/em> spec.)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Vigne<\/strong><em>(Vitis vinifera<\/em>)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Avocats<\/strong><em>(Persea<\/em><em> americana)<\/em>, <strong>mangues <\/strong><em>(Mangifera<\/em><em> indica<\/em>) et <strong>autres fruits <\/strong><strong>tropicaux<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ch\u00e2taigne<\/strong><em>(Castanea sativa<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/?p=11586\">Floraison des arbres fruitiers<\/a>. est l&rsquo;une des plus spectaculaires en raison de sa longue ph\u00e9nologie tout au long de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_2056-e1603403422148.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"\" title=\"IMG_2056\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_2056-e1603403422148.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"IMG_2056\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Feuillage dor\u00e9 des ch\u00e2taigniers (Castanea sativa). L&rsquo;un des biotopes les plus favorables aux oiseaux forestiers en Andalousie. <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les ch\u00e2taigneraies sont des cultures fortement naturalis\u00e9es avec des arbres tr\u00e8s \u00e2g\u00e9s et de grande taille. Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une esp\u00e8ce \u00e0 feuilles caduques limit\u00e9e aux montagnes andalouses les plus humides. Les amandiers fleurissent en janvier ou f\u00e9vrier et constituent une importante source hivernale de nectar pour les hym\u00e9nopt\u00e8res et les papillons. Les vignobles abritent de petites populations d&rsquo;<strong>alzacolas<\/strong><em>(Cercotrichas galactotes<\/em>).     <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1349\" height=\"95\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png 1349w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-380x27.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-800x56.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1349px) 100vw, 1349px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_9654-e1603403597776.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"cultures en Andalousie, c\u00e9r\u00e9ales\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/IMG_9654-e1603403597776.jpg\" alt=\"cultures en Andalousie, c\u00e9r\u00e9ales\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les vastes champs de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales, principales cultures d&rsquo;Andalousie, constituent un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me favorable aux populations d&rsquo;oiseaux des steppes, qui comptent parmi les plus menac\u00e9es de l&rsquo;ornithofaune europ\u00e9enne.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cultures annuelles : c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et gramin\u00e9es<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bl\u00e9<\/strong><em>(Triticum<\/em> spec.)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tournesol<\/strong><em>(Helianthus annuus<\/em>)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coton<\/strong><em>(Gossypium<\/em> spec.)  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Riz<\/strong><em>(Oryza sativa<\/em>)  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les r\u00e9coltes et la rotation des cultures maintiennent une v\u00e9g\u00e9tation simplifi\u00e9e de strates herbac\u00e9es comparables dans une certaine mesure aux grandes plaines d&rsquo;Asie. Ces pseudo-steppes sont tr\u00e8s favorables aux <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/341568205_Manifiesto_por_la_conservacion_de_las_aves_esteparias_de_Andalucia_y_sus_habitats#fullTextFileContent\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">oiseaux des steppes<\/a>:<strong>Outarde barbue<\/strong><em>(Otis tarda<\/em>), <strong>Outarde canepeti\u00e8re<\/strong><em>(Tetrax tetrax<\/em>), <strong>Vanneau<\/strong> hupp\u00e9<em>(Vanellus vanellus<\/em>), etc.   <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/IMG_2697-1-e1580116771781.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"champs verts et prairies en Andalousie\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/IMG_2697-1-e1580116771781.jpg\" alt=\"champs verts et prairies en Andalousie\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>A la fin de l&rsquo;hiver, les champs et les prairies deviennent intens\u00e9ment verts&#8230; un spectacle aussi \u00e9ph\u00e9m\u00e8re que s\u00e9duisant pour les habitants de la r\u00e9gion la plus s\u00e8che d&rsquo;Europe.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D&rsquo;autre part, les rizi\u00e8res de S\u00e9ville sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement inond\u00e9es en automne pour les cultures et accueillent \u00e9galement de nombreux oiseaux aquatiques, mouettes et \u00e9chassiers.  <\/p>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Une des belles d\u00e9couvertes de mon \u00e9tape \u00e0 Cordoue : la localisation d&rsquo;<strong>une population assez dense d&rsquo;Alzacolas<\/strong> dans la campagne pr\u00e8s de Fern\u00e1n N\u00fa\u00f1ez. Cette esp\u00e8ce insectivore peu farouche devient extr\u00eamement rare. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Florent Prunier<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G3-Guides<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Habitats cr\u00e9\u00e9s par l&rsquo;homme qui peuvent abriter une riche biodiversit\u00e9, en particulier dans les pseudo-steppes. Les cultures en Andalousie (terres agricoles) fournissent de la nourriture et de la biodiversit\u00e9. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26597,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[593],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecosystemes-en-andalousie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6902"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6902\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26597"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}