{"id":6986,"date":"2020-01-20T16:51:10","date_gmt":"2020-01-20T15:51:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/que-ver\/espacios-naturales\/parque-natural-los-alcornocales\/"},"modified":"2025-12-14T11:49:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T10:49:08","slug":"parc-naturel-los-alcornocales","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/parc-naturel-los-alcornocales\/","title":{"rendered":"Parque naturel de Los Alcornocales"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00c1DIZ ET M\u00c1LAGA &#8211; La grande for\u00eat de ch\u00eanes-li\u00e8ges : une \u00eele verte et humide dans l&rsquo;Andalousie aride.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Hyla-meridionalis-Andalusia.png\" data-id=\"18723\" alt=\"Hyla meridionalis Andalousie\" class=\"wp-image-18723 lazyload\" title=\"Hyla meridionalis\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"256\" height=\"256\" data-id=\"18723\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Hyla-meridionalis-Andalusia.png\" alt=\"Hyla meridionalis Andalousie\" class=\"wp-image-18723\" title=\"Hyla meridionalis\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Hyla-meridionalis-Andalusia.png 256w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Hyla-meridionalis-Andalusia-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 256px) 100vw, 256px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/phylloscopus-bonelli.png\" data-id=\"19867\" alt=\"phylloscopus bonelli Cadix\" class=\"wp-image-19867 lazyload\" title=\"Phylloscopus bonelli\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"426\" height=\"426\" data-id=\"19867\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/phylloscopus-bonelli.png\" alt=\"phylloscopus bonelli Cadix\" class=\"wp-image-19867\" title=\"Phylloscopus bonelli\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/phylloscopus-bonelli.png 426w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/phylloscopus-bonelli-380x380.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/phylloscopus-bonelli-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/davallia-canariensis.png\" data-id=\"19839\" alt=\"davallia canariensis Los Alcornocales\" class=\"wp-image-19839 lazyload\" title=\"Davallia canariensis\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"438\" height=\"438\" data-id=\"19839\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/davallia-canariensis.png\" alt=\"davallia canariensis Los Alcornocales\" class=\"wp-image-19839\" title=\"Davallia canariensis\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/davallia-canariensis.png 438w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/davallia-canariensis-380x380.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/davallia-canariensis-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 438px) 100vw, 438px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/circaetus-gallicus-1.png\" data-id=\"19838\" alt=\"Circaetus gallicus Malaga\" class=\"wp-image-19838 lazyload\" title=\"Circaetus gallicus\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"355\" height=\"355\" data-id=\"19838\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/circaetus-gallicus-1.png\" alt=\"Circaetus gallicus Malaga\" class=\"wp-image-19838\" title=\"Circaetus gallicus\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/circaetus-gallicus-1.png 355w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/circaetus-gallicus-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Los Alcornocales est<\/strong> <strong>l&rsquo;une des plus grandes zones naturelles prot\u00e9g\u00e9es d&rsquo;Espagne<\/strong>, avec plus de 167 000 ha (1 670 km\u00b2). Situ\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9gion de <a href=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/canton-campo-de-gibraltar\/\"><strong>Campo de Gibraltar<\/strong><\/a>au nord d&rsquo;Alg\u00e9siras et du <a href=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/detroit-de-gibraltar\/\"><strong>d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar<\/strong><\/a>au sud de la <a href=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/malaga-cadiz-parc-naturel-sierra-de-grazalema\/\"><strong>Sierra de Grazalema<\/strong><\/a> et \u00e0 l&rsquo;ouest de la municipalit\u00e9 de Cortes de La Frontera dans la province de Malaga. Cet immense territoire ne contient pas de centre urbain important en son c\u0153ur mais est entour\u00e9 de 18 municipalit\u00e9s p\u00e9riph\u00e9riques qui abritent quelque 400 000 habitants. La route Los Barrios &#8211; J\u00e9rez est la principale infrastructure humaine qui s\u00e9pare les reliefs montagneux de moyenne montagne de la<strong> Sierra del Aljibe<\/strong>, dont le point culminant est de 1 092 m\u00e8tres, et de la <strong>Sierra del Picacho<\/strong>.   <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/IMG_1553-e1580928976623.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"Quercus suber, ch\u00eane-li\u00e8ge, non bouch\u00e9, rouge\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/IMG_1553-e1580928976623.jpg\" alt=\"Quercus suber, ch\u00eane-li\u00e8ge, non bouch\u00e9, rouge\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le pouvoir \u00e9vocateur des ch\u00eanes-li\u00e8ges fra\u00eechement d\u00e9bouch\u00e9s.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<ul style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700\" class=\"wp-block-list is-style-checkmark-list has-accent-4-background-color has-background\">\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-1\">For\u00eats de ch\u00eanes-li\u00e8ges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-2\">Rivi\u00e8re sauvage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-3\">Climat subtropical<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-4\">Canutos et laurisilva<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-5\">Ch\u00e2teaux m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La grande for\u00eat du sud de l&rsquo;Europe<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le parc est principalement couvert de <strong>ch\u00eanes-li\u00e8ges<\/strong><em>(Quercus suber<\/em>), une esp\u00e8ce autochtone qui donne son nom \u00e0 l&rsquo;espace naturel et qui est grandement favoris\u00e9e par la <strong>roche gr\u00e9seuse<\/strong> dominante (sable compact\u00e9 et ciment\u00e9 par la diagen\u00e8se). La capitale traditionnelle du li\u00e8ge est Cort\u00e9s de La Frontera, o\u00f9 vous pourrez visiter un mus\u00e9e qui vous renseignera sur l&rsquo;utilisation du ch\u00eane-li\u00e8ge et ses probl\u00e8mes. Pendant la saison de la r\u00e9colte du li\u00e8ge, nous verrons les arbres qui exposent la partie interne du tronc, qui a une <strong>couleur rouge-orange tr\u00e8s frappante<\/strong>.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1210501-e1580929193610.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"Los Alcornocales, Ch\u00e2teau de Jimena de La Frontera\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1210501-e1580929193610.jpg\" alt=\"Los Alcornocales, Ch\u00e2teau de Jimena de La Frontera\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le ch\u00e2teau de Jimena attend les tr\u00e9sors de la grande for\u00eat du parc naturel de Los Alcornocales.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le climat de cette r\u00e9gion est m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en atlantique, avec une influence marine tr\u00e8s prononc\u00e9e pr\u00e8s de la c\u00f4te, o\u00f9 le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne des \u00ab\u00a0barbas del Levante\u00a0\u00bb provoque des pr\u00e9cipitations horizontales et des <strong>conditions d&rsquo;humidit\u00e9 similaires \u00e0 un climat subtropical<\/strong>. Dans les ruisseaux, appel\u00e9s<strong>\u00ab\u00a0canutos<\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0, par exemple dans le R\u00edo de La Miel, on trouve une <strong>v\u00e9g\u00e9tation<\/strong> luxuriante <strong>de lauriers<\/strong>, avec des <strong>lauriers nobles<\/strong><em>(Laurus nobilis<\/em>), des <strong>rhododendrons b\u00e9tiques<\/strong><em>(Rhododendron ponticum <\/em>ssp. <em>. baeticum<\/em>), l&rsquo;<strong>aulne glutineux<\/strong><em>(Alnus glutinosa<\/em>) et de <strong>rares foug\u00e8res<\/strong>. \u00c0 quelques m\u00e8tres de l\u00e0, le maquis m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en aride occupe le terrain. Sur les hauteurs, on trouve des roches nues, des sols pauvres et des landes de <g id=\"gid_3\">bruy\u00e8re m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne<\/g>. Sur les sommets, si proches du d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar, les <strong>oiseaux de proie migrateurs<\/strong> passent pendant les saisons de migration.   <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1190830.jpg\" alt=\"Rhododendron ponticum, canutes\" class=\"wp-image-3747 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1190830.jpg\" alt=\"Rhododendron ponticum, canutes\" class=\"wp-image-3747\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1190830.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1190830-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>La fra\u00eecheur d&rsquo;encre des rhododendrons Betic parmi les foug\u00e8res : de jeunes feuilles brillantes et de grandes fleurs attrayantes.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <strong>rivi\u00e8re<\/strong> sauvage <strong>Hozgarganta<\/strong>, pr\u00e8s de la municipalit\u00e9 de Jimena de la Frontera, offre un habitat \u00e0 des <strong>libellules<\/strong> menac\u00e9es, comme la <em>Cordulie splendide Macromia splendens<\/em>. On y trouve \u00e9galement le spectaculaire <strong>papillon monarque<\/strong><em>(Danaus plexippus<\/em>). <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1220056-e1580929112798.jpg\" class=\"lazyload\" alt=\"Rivi\u00e8re sauvage de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1220056-e1580929112798.jpg\" alt=\"Rivi\u00e8re sauvage de la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\" title=\"\"><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">La rivi\u00e8re Hozgarganta \u00e0 Jimena, derni\u00e8re fronti\u00e8re de la faune dans les rivi\u00e8res ib\u00e9riques.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enfin, il existe une grotte, <strong>Tajo de las Figuras<\/strong>, pr\u00e8s de Benalup, qui date de la p\u00e9riode n\u00e9olithique et qui est c\u00e9l\u00e8bre pour ses repr\u00e9sentations d&rsquo;art rupestre<strong>(Arte sure\u00f1o)<\/strong>, d&rsquo;oiseaux, de mammif\u00e8res et de figures anthropomorphes.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1349\" height=\"95\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png 1349w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-380x27.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-800x56.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1349px) 100vw, 1349px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Note<\/strong>.  <\/em><em>Une menace, appel\u00e9e <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europasur.es\/campo-de-gibraltar\/seca-alcornocal_0_1392761085.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>\u00ab\u00a0la Seca\u00a0\u00bb, plane sur ces for\u00eats.<\/strong><\/a>Une menace p\u00e8se sur ces for\u00eats. L&rsquo;action combin\u00e9e du changement climatique, de la pression trop dense des grands herbivores et des agents pathog\u00e8nes est \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine d&rsquo;un grave probl\u00e8me de mortalit\u00e9 et de d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence du ch\u00eane-li\u00e8ge. <\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Pour d\u00e9couvrir cette immense for\u00eat, plus d&rsquo;une <strong>vingtaine de sentiers<\/strong> ont \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9s par le gouvernement r\u00e9gional, mais ils sont tous \u00e9loign\u00e9s les uns des autres et de longueur et de difficult\u00e9 tr\u00e8s variables. Pour les amateurs de randonn\u00e9e, sachez que les \u00e9tapes du GR7 sont de longueur in\u00e9gale entre Tarifa et Montejaque (150 km). <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Une \u00eele verte et humide dans l&rsquo;Andalousie aride. Los Alcornocales : For\u00eats de ch\u00eanes-li\u00e8ges ; Rivi\u00e8re sauvage ; Climat subtropical ; Canutos et laurisilva ; Ch\u00e2teaux m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26699,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[546],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-espaces-naturels-en-andalousie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6986","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6986"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6986\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}