{"id":6987,"date":"2019-12-26T07:01:58","date_gmt":"2019-12-26T06:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/que-ver\/espacios-naturales\/sierra-bermeja\/"},"modified":"2025-12-14T11:32:57","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T10:32:57","slug":"sierra-bermeja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/sierra-bermeja\/","title":{"rendered":"Site naturel de la Sierra Bermeja"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u00c1LAGA <\/strong>&#8211; <strong>Le plus important massif de p\u00e9ridotite d&rsquo;Europe.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2-800x800.png\" data-id=\"19894\" alt=\"Abies pinsapo Andalousie\" class=\"wp-image-19894 lazyload\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"19894\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2-800x800.png\" alt=\"Abies pinsapo Andalousie\" class=\"wp-image-19894\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2-800x800.png 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2-380x380.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Abies-pinsapo-2.png 1080w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Gyps-fulvus-1.png\" data-id=\"19895\" alt=\"Gyps fulvus Serran\u00eda de Ronda\" class=\"wp-image-19895 lazyload\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"374\" height=\"374\" data-id=\"19895\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Gyps-fulvus-1.png\" alt=\"Gyps fulvus Serran\u00eda de Ronda\" class=\"wp-image-19895\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Gyps-fulvus-1.png 374w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Gyps-fulvus-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica-800x800.png\" data-id=\"19874\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19874 lazyload\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"19874\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19874\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica-800x800.png 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica-380x380.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Drosophylum-lusitanica.png 1114w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba-800x800.png\" data-id=\"19899\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19899 lazyload\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"800\" data-id=\"19899\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba-800x800.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19899\" title=\"Gyps fulvus\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba-800x800.png 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba-380x380.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/pyronia-bathseba.png 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sierra Bermeja<\/strong>, la <strong>montagne rouge<\/strong> (Djebel Al Jamra), dont le nom est inspir\u00e9 par la couleur du sol et du substrat rocheux. Elle se trouve dans l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re-pays inhabit\u00e9, parall\u00e8le \u00e0 la <g id=\"gid_2\">Costa del Sol<\/g>, entre Manilva \u00e0 l&rsquo;ouest, Estepona au centre et Marbella \u00e0 l&rsquo;est. Ce territoire accident\u00e9 s&rsquo;\u00e9tend \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur des terres entre les villages de Casares et d&rsquo;Ist\u00e1n et est form\u00e9 par plusieurs cha\u00eenes de montagnes ou d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vations telles que Los Reales, An\u00edcola, Palmitera, Apretaderas et Sierra Real.  <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1070960.jpg\" alt=\"Les Reales de Sierra Bermeja \" class=\"wp-image-3489 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1070960.jpg\" alt=\"Les Reales de Sierra Bermeja \" class=\"wp-image-3489\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1070960.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1070960-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Los Reales de Sierra Bermeja vus depuis la vall\u00e9e du Genal.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Sierra couvre une superficie totale de 30 000 ha (300 km\u00b2) d\u00e9sign\u00e9e par diff\u00e9rents chiffres de protection (paraje natural) et fait actuellement l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un projet visant \u00e0 la d\u00e9clarer parc national. Son point culminant s&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00e0 1 508 m\u00e8tres au Pico Abanto, une localit\u00e9 presque anonyme \u00e9clips\u00e9e par sa voisine, le Pico Torrecilla, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 cinq kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 peine et sommet incontest\u00e9 de la <a href=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/parque-natural-sierra-de-las-nieves-2\">Sierra de Las Nieves<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n<ul style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700\" class=\"wp-block-list is-style-checkmark-list has-accent-4-background-color has-background\">\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-1\">P\u00e9ridotite et serpentines<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-2\">Pins en r\u00e9sine<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-3\">Pinsapos<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-4\">Grenats et pseudomorphes du diamant<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-accent-1-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-5\">Vues sur la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Voyage au centre de la Terre<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La Sierra Bermeja est un <strong>affleurement<\/strong> unique <strong>de roches ultramafiques, de p\u00e9ridotites et de serpentines<\/strong> (r\u00e9sultant de l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration de p\u00e9ridotites) qui repr\u00e9sentent moins de 1 % de la surface de la terre et qui, en raison de leur g\u00e9ochimie inhabituelle, constituent un point chaud de la biodiversit\u00e9 dans le monde. La couleur rouge provient de l&rsquo;oxyde de fer produit par l&rsquo;alt\u00e9ration de la p\u00e9ridotite expos\u00e9e aux agents atmosph\u00e9riques. Les sols manquent d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ments essentiels : Ca, K et P, mais sont dot\u00e9s de <g id=\"gid_1\">m\u00e9taux lourds, nickel et aluminium<\/g>&#8230; il va sans dire qu&rsquo;ils ne sont pas tr\u00e8s fertiles ! Dans quelles circonstances \u00e9tranges une <strong>partie du manteau sup\u00e9rieur<\/strong> (voir note) a-t-elle pu \u00e9merger et s&rsquo;exposer au monde ? C&rsquo;est par des mouvements de plaques tectoniques, la collision de la plaque Europa avec l&rsquo;Afrique qui a donn\u00e9 naissance, entre autres, aux Alpes, mais aussi avec la microplaque d&rsquo;Alboran.    <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110629.jpg\" alt=\"Roches p\u00e9ridotitiques, Sierra Bermeja\" class=\"wp-image-3491 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110629.jpg\" alt=\"Roches p\u00e9ridotitiques, Sierra Bermeja\" class=\"wp-image-3491\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110629.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110629-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>L&rsquo;action de l&rsquo;eau alt\u00e8re les p\u00e9ridotites et les rend rouges.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le sommet le plus embl\u00e9matique, appel\u00e9 <strong>Los Reales de Sierra Bermeja<\/strong> (1 449 m\u00e8tres), pr\u00e9sente un relief imposant \u00e0 8 kilom\u00e8tres de la c\u00f4te, est couvert de conif\u00e8res et est souvent recouvert de nuages, dont la brume apporte humidit\u00e9 et fortes pr\u00e9cipitations. Une <g id=\"gid_1\">for\u00eat de sapins d&rsquo;Espagne<\/g><g id=\"gid_2\">(Abies pinsapo<\/g>), la premi\u00e8re visit\u00e9e par le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre <g id=\"gid_3\">botaniste Boissier<\/g>, couvre la partie nord du sommet, qui se transforme plus bas en une grande for\u00eat de <g id=\"gid_4\">pins <\/g> indig\u00e8nes<g id=\"gid_5\">(Pinus pinaster<\/g>), pr\u00e9sents depuis plus de 10 000 ans. Dans certains ruisseaux, on peut trouver des <strong>grenats et des pseudomorphes de diamants<\/strong> (sans valeur commerciale).  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110638.jpg\" alt=\"Sapins d&#039;Espagne dans la sierra bermeja\" class=\"wp-image-3490 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110638.jpg\" alt=\"Sapins d&#039;Espagne dans la sierra bermeja\" class=\"wp-image-3490\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110638.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1110638-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les conditions climatiques sur les versants nord de la Sierra contrastent avec l&rsquo;environnement aride et favorisent les sapins espagnols, uniques en leur genre.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La combinaison des p\u00e9ridotites, du climat m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en subhumide et des for\u00eats de conif\u00e8res reliques est unique au monde. Ajoutez \u00e0 cela des <g id=\"gid_0\">vues magnifiques<\/g> sur l&rsquo;Afrique, Gibraltar, les cha\u00eenes de montagnes c\u00f4ti\u00e8res et la mer. C&rsquo;est une excursion \u00e0 ne pas manquer.  <\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000357.jpg\" alt=\"Gibraltar, Djebel Musa, d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar, d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar\" class=\"wp-image-3766 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000357.jpg\" alt=\"Gibraltar, Djebel Musa, d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar, d\u00e9troit de Gibraltar\" class=\"wp-image-3766\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000357.jpg 800w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/P1000357-380x253.jpg 380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Les reliefs c\u00f4tiers de Malaga offrent des vues de plus en plus suggestives \u00e0 mesure que l&rsquo;on s&rsquo;approche de Gibraltar.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP\/\/\/yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7\" data-src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125 lazyload\" title=\"\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1349\" height=\"95\" src=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11.png 1349w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-380x27.png 380w, https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/dog-walker-11-800x56.png 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1349px) 100vw, 1349px\" \/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Note<\/strong>: Rappelons que la structure interne de la Terre est compos\u00e9e de plusieurs couches de densit\u00e9s et de compositions chimiques h\u00e9t\u00e9rog\u00e8nes : le noyau, le manteau et la cro\u00fbte. Le noyau interne est dense, liquide et m\u00e9tallique. Le manteau est un mat\u00e9riau basique riche en olivine et pyrox\u00e8ne (fer et magn\u00e9sium). Quant \u00e0 la cro\u00fbte terrestre, on distingue la cro\u00fbte continentale (15 \u00e0 80 km de profondeur), compos\u00e9e de roches granito\u00efdes acides et riches en silice, et la cro\u00fbte oc\u00e9anique (5 \u00e0 7 km de profondeur), constitu\u00e9e de basaltes et basique. Pour compliquer les choses, consid\u00e9rons l&rsquo;enveloppe rigide de la surface terrestre appel\u00e9e lithosph\u00e8re (\u00ab\u00a0boule de pierre\u00a0\u00bb) et divis\u00e9e en plaques tectoniques dont les mouvements donnent naissance aux continents. Elle comprend la cro\u00fbte terrestre et la partie externe du manteau : le manteau sup\u00e9rieur, dont les roches, les p\u00e9ridotites, sont riches en olivine, magn\u00e9sium et fer (ultramafiques) et tr\u00e8s pauvres en silice (moins de 45% de leur masse).      <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le plus important massif de p\u00e9ridotite d&rsquo;Europe. Sierra Bermeja : P\u00e9ridotite et serpentines ; Pins ; Sapins d&rsquo;Espagne.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26706,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[546],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-espaces-naturels-en-andalousie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6987"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6987\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26706"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}