{"id":7384,"date":"2019-12-21T18:30:50","date_gmt":"2019-12-21T17:30:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/los-gradientes-geograficos-de-andalucia\/"},"modified":"2026-01-15T17:23:26","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T16:23:26","slug":"les-gradients-geographiques-en-andalousie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/blog\/les-gradients-geographiques-en-andalousie\/","title":{"rendered":"Les gradients g\u00e9ographiques qui expliquent l’Andalousie"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ background_enable_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″]<\/p>\n

Nord \/ Sud<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″]<\/p>\n

Est \/ Ouest<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbEl sol y el calor\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″]<\/p>\n

Nord-Ouest \/ Sud-Est<\/p>\n

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Nord-Est \/ Sud-Ouest<\/p>\n

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Andalousie, terre d’union entre Europe et Afrique<\/em>
<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gradient Nord \/ Sud.<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h3>\n

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Si l\u2019Andalousie marque la limite m\u00e9ridionale du continent europ\u00e9en<\/strong>, les terres du D\u00e9troit de Gibraltar<\/strong> sont belle et bien le \u2018Sud du <\/span>Sud\u2019. Le D\u00e9troit est un bras de mer de 14 km<\/strong>, aux courants marins dangereux, qui s\u00e9pare deux continents<\/strong>. Dans le pass\u00e9, la baie d\u2019Alg\u00e9siras (l’ \u2018Ile Verte\u2019), fut la porte d\u2019entr\u00e9e de la conqu\u00eate arabo-musulmane au VII <\/span>\u00e8me<\/span> si\u00e8cle. Curieusement, l\u2019\u00e9tat espagnol conserve toujours des<\/span> territoires \u00e9tablis au Maghreb (Ceuta et Melilla).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/p9070185-e1582923046735.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bb fronti\u00e8re Espagne Maroc\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb-1px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans JP|500|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#0c71c3″ header_4_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb13px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0.6px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Si proche, le Maghreb <\/em>fait r\u00eaver. La fronti\u00e8re Espagne\/Maroc est la plus in\u00e9gale au monde.
<\/em><\/h4>\n

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Borne entre Ancien Monde et mondes nouveaux<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gradient <\/span><\/b><\/strong>Est \/ Ouest.<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Les Colonnes d’Hercule<\/strong>, \u00e9l\u00e9ments l\u00e9gendaires de la mythologie gr\u00e9co-romaine d\u00e9signent les promontoires qui balisent le D\u00e9troit : le Rocher de Gibraltar<\/strong> (la \u00ab\u00a0Montagne de Tarik\u00a0\u00bb) sur la riv<\/span>e europ\u00e9enne, et la montagne Djebel Musa<\/strong> (la \u00ab\u00a0Montagne de Musa\u00a0\u00bb) sur la rive marocaine. Pour les Anciens, rappelons-nous l\u2019Odyss\u00e9e d\u2019Ulysse, la M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e \u00e9tait<\/strong> le terrain de jeu principal, la mer au milieu des terres<\/strong>, bassin de la civilisation, si\u00e8ge de<\/span>s op\u00e9rations militaires, th\u00e9\u00e2tre d\u2019aventures et de commerces. Les Colonnes d\u2019Hercule marquent le d\u00e9part du monde civilis\u00e9 vers l\u2019inconnu et l\u2019effroi de l\u2019immensit\u00e9 incommensurable de l\u2019au-del\u00e0 oc\u00e9anique<\/strong>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/P1000357-e1582923092567.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbColonnes d’Hercule\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ header_4_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans JP|500|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#0c71c3″ header_4_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb13px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0.6px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Les colonnes d’Hercule signalent la fronti\u00e8re de la civilisation m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne.
<\/em><\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ background_enable_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″ background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#efebdc\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ header_3_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb18px\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

<\/strong>Humidit\u00e9 et aridit\u00e9<\/em>
<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gradient <\/span><\/b><\/strong>Nord-Ouest \/ Sud-Est.<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Le gradient <\/strong><\/span>d\u2019humidit\u00e9 diminue et l\u2019aridit\u00e9 augmente<\/strong>, culminant dans la province d\u2019Alm\u00e9ria et ses terrains semi-d\u00e9sertiques<\/strong>. L\u2019ironie veut que cette province ait d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 la plus puissante des industries mara\u00eech\u00e8res (tomates, concombres, etc.) qui alimentent les supe<\/span>rmarch\u00e9s europ\u00e9ens, consommant des quantit\u00e9s exorbitantes d\u2019eau et couvrant ses \u00e9tendues de b\u00e2ches plastiques. Cette province, qui fut tr\u00e8s pauvre, s\u2019enrichit \u00e0 force de travail<\/strong>, d\u2019exploitation de ses ressources naturelles et des travailleurs saisonniers, <\/span>souvent d\u2019origine africaine.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/P1210539-e1582923005636.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbArgile s\u00e8che et craquel\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ header_4_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans JP|500|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#0c71c3″ header_4_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb13px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0.6px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

L’Andalousie est la r\u00e9gion la plus aride d’Europe et est s\u00e9v\u00e8rement impact\u00e9e par les effets du changement climatique.
<\/em><\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ background_enable_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb2_3,1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb2_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ header_3_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans||||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_3_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb18px\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

g\u00e9ographie <\/em><\/strong>naturelle <\/em><\/strong>andalouse suivant le \u00ab\u00a0grand fleuve\u00a0\u00bb Guadalquivir<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gradient <\/span><\/b><\/strong>Nord-Est \/ Sud-Ouest.<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n

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G\u00e9ographiquement l\u2019Andalousie peut se diviser en trois blocs parall\u00e8les avec une direction nord-est \/ sud-ouest qui suivent la direction du grand fleuve m\u00e9ridionale ib\u00e9rique : le Guadalquivir<\/strong>. La \u00ab\u00a0Grande <\/span>Rivi\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb coule depuis les montagnes orientales de Cazorla<\/strong> vers la plaine occidentale et d\u00e9bouche sur un estuaire\u202fmythique : Do\u00f1ana<\/strong>, l\u2019une des zones humides les plus importantes d\u2019Europe.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_3″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.3.2″][et_pb_image src=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/g3-guides.com\/\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/RioGuadalquivir_003-e1582923068932.jpg\u00a0\u00bb alt=\u00a0\u00bbGualdalquivir, rives de Cordoue, Pont Romain\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ header_4_font=\u00a0\u00bbNoto Sans JP|500|||||||\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_align=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb header_4_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#0c71c3″ header_4_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb13px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb0.6px\u00a0\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.3em\u00a0\u00bb module_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb-15px||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Le fleuve Guadalquivir est un fil conducteur de l’histoire andalouse et de ses \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.
<\/em><\/h4>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ background_enable_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00a0\u00bb0″][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00a0\u00bb1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5,1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″] Nord \/ Sud [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″] Est \/ Ouest [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbEl sol y el calor\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_5″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.4.8″ text_text_color=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″ text_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb21px\u00a0\u00bb text_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.6em\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb6px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb border_width_all=\u00a0\u00bb2px\u00a0\u00bb border_color_all=\u00a0\u00bb#e09900″] Nord-Ouest […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30608,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,548],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7384","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-territorio-de-andalucia","category-territoire-de-landalousie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7384","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7384"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7384\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/g3-guides.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}